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首先前端发起HTTP请求之后，后端返回一个Excel输出流，然后前端用Blob类型接收数据，并且解析响应头数据以及提取源文件名，最后用a标签完成下载。
一、后端代码
（1）导入阿里巴巴的EasyExcel依赖（pom.xml）
<dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
<version>3.3.1</version> </dependency>
（2）控制层（GameController.java）
@CrossOrigin @RequestMapping(value = "exportFile", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody public void exportFile(@RequestParam("operator") String operator,
HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
gameService.exportFile(operator, response); }
（3）接口层（IGameService.java）
void exportFile(String operator, HttpServletResponse response) throws
IOException;
（4）实现层（GameServiceImpl.java）
/** * 王者Excel实体 * 说明：this$0特指该内部类所在的外部类的引用,不需要手动定义,编译时自动加上 */ @Data
@AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor static class KingExcelEntity {
@ExcelProperty(value = "英雄", index = 0) private String hero;
@ExcelProperty(value = "等级", index = 1) private String level;
@ExcelProperty(value = "金币", index = 2) private String gold;
@ExcelProperty(value = "击杀", index = 3) private String kill;
@ExcelProperty(value = "被击杀", index = 4) private String beKilled;
@ExcelProperty(value = "助攻", index = 5) private String assists;
@ExcelProperty(value = "评分", index = 6) private String score;
@ExcelProperty(value = "是否MVP", index = 7) private String mvp; } @Override
public void exportFile(String operator, HttpServletResponse response) throws
IOException { List<KingExcelEntity> KingsList = new ArrayList<>();
KingsList.add(new KingExcelEntity("云缨", "15", "20013", "21", "5", "16", "12.9",
"True")); KingsList.add(new KingExcelEntity("王昭君", "15", "17336", "2", "6",
"20", "7.5", "False")); KingsList.add(new KingExcelEntity("狄仁杰", "15", "16477",
"9", "8", "22", "8.4", "False")); KingsList.add(new KingExcelEntity("兰陵王",
"15", "16154", "21", "5", "16", "8.6", "False")); KingsList.add(new
KingExcelEntity("赵怀真", "15", "17414", "6", "6", "21", "10.2", "False")); try {
String fileName = URLEncoder.encode(operator + "-" + "王者荣耀战绩" + ".xlsx",
"utf-8");
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream(), KingExcelEntity.class)
.sheet("第一页") .doWrite(KingsList); } catch (Exception e) { response.reset();
response.setContentType("application/json");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); HashMap<String, Object> map = new
HashMap<>(); map.put("status", false); map.put("msg", e.getMessage());
response.getWriter().println(JSONObject.toJSONString(map)); } }
二、前端代码
（1）视图页面（/src/view/Example/DownloadBlobFile/index.vue）
<template> <div style="padding: 100px"> <el-button size="small" type="primary"
plain @click="handleDownloadBlobFile()"> <el-icon :size="18"> <Download />
</el-icon> <span>下载文件</span> </el-button> </div> </template> <script> export
default { data() { return { // ... } }, methods: { /** * 下载Blob文件句柄方法 */
handleDownloadBlobFile(evt) { const operator = '帅龍之龍' // 操作人员 this.$axios.get(
`/api/exportFile`, { params: { 'operator': operator }, headers: {
'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*', 'Auth-Token': '5201314' }, responseType:
'blob' } ) .then((res) => { try { console.log('响应信息 =>', res) if (res.data.size
> 0) { // 响应头信息 const headers = res.headers //
attachment;filename=%E5%B8%85%E9%BE%8D%E4%B9%8B%E9%BE%8D-%E7%8E%8B%E8%80%85%E8%8D%A3%E8%80%80%E6%88%98%E7%BB%A9.xlsx
const contentDisposition = headers['content-disposition']
console.log('contentDisposition =>', contentDisposition) //
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet;charset=utf-8
const contentType = headers['content-type'] console.log('contentType =>',
contentType) let fileName = contentDisposition.split(`=`)[1]
console.log('解析前文件名 =>', fileName) //
解析前文件名：%E5%B8%85%E9%BE%8D%E4%B9%8B%E9%BE%8D-%E7%8E%8B%E8%80%85%E8%8D%A3%E8%80%80%E6%88%98%E7%BB%A9.xlsx
fileName = decodeURIComponent(fileName) console.log('解析后文件名 =>', fileName) //
解析后文件名：帅龍之龍-王者荣耀战绩.xlsx this.exportFileToExcel(contentType, res.data, fileName)
} else { this.$message({ message: '文件数据为空', type: 'error', duration: 1000 }) }
} catch (e) { console.error(e) this.$message({ message: e, type: 'error',
duration: 1000 }) } }) .catch((e) => { console.error(e) this.$message({
message: e, type: 'error', duration: 1000 }) }) }, /** * 导出Excel文件 */
exportFileToExcel(contentType, data, fileName) { const url =
window.URL.createObjectURL( new Blob( [data], { type: contentType } ) ) const
link = document.createElement('a') link.style.display = 'none' link.href = url
link.setAttribute('download', `${fileName}` || 'template.xlsx')
document.body.appendChild(link) link.click() document.body.removeChild(link) },
}, }; </script>
三、效果如下 ~