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COUNT() 函数 :返回匹配指定条件的行数
业务场景多数情况下需要统计数据集的条数,进行处理转换,这里就可以使用count()函数来完成,特别注意参数问题,count(*)、count(1)、count(列名)、count(distinct
列名)。下面分别介绍这几种参数的区别
一、用法
COUNT(*) 语法
COUNT(*) 函数返回表中的记录数,包括所有列,相当于统计表的行数,在统计结果的时候,不会忽略列值为NULL的记录。
COUNT(1) 语法
COUNT(1) 函数忽略所有列,1表示一个固定值,也可以用count(2)、count(3)代替,在统计结果的时候,不会忽略列值为NULL的记录。
COUNT(column_name) 语法
COUNT(column_name) 函数返回指定列的值的数目(NULL 不计入):只包括列名指定列,返回指定列的记录数,在统计结果的时候,
会忽略列值为NULL的记录(不包括空字符串和0),即列值为NULL的记录不统计在内。
COUNT(DISTINCT column_name) 语法
COUNT(DISTINCT column_name) 函数返回指定列的不同值的数目:只包括列名指定列,返回指定列的不同值的记录数
,在统计结果的时候,在统计结果的时候,会忽略列值为NULL的记录(不包括空字符串和0),即列值为NULL的记录不统计在内。
二、性能效率对比.count(*)&count(1)&count(列名)
(1)如果列为主键,count(列名)效率优于count(1)
(2)如果列不为主键,count(1)效率优于count(列名)
(3)如果表中存在主键,count(主键列名)效率最优
(4)如果表中只有一列,则count(*)效率最优
(5)如果表有多列,且不存在主键,则count(1)效率优于count(*)
三、统计列值为NULL的方式
注意:因为count(*)和count(1)统计过程中不会忽略列值为NULL的记录,所以可以通过以下两种方式来统计列值为NULL的记录数:
(1)select count(*) from T where 列名 is null;
(2)select count(1) from T where 列名 is null;
另外我们还有些特殊情况如下:
(1)select count('') from table;-返回表的记录数
(2)select count(0) from table;-返回表的记录数
(3)select count(null) from table;-返回0