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openssl是必须要升级到openssl1.1.1的,python3.8可以选择不安装。因为folly官网提供了一种用python3快速安装的方法,但这个方法在国内不太顺利,被墙的原因,很多包是不能自动下载的,但了解下也是好的。(用python3快速安装的方法,我会在最后写1篇文章专门介绍。)
一、基础组件的安装:openssl的升级
1、访问openssl官网,下载相应版本:
图1:openssl下载网址
2、安装
(1)tar -xzvf openssl-1.1.1o.tar.gz
(2)cd openssl-1.1.1o
(3)./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl shared
(4)make
(5)make test
注意: make test时一般会报错,需要安装下列2个软件:
(5.1)yum install perl-Test-Harness
(5.2)手工安装 perl-Test-Simple-0.98-243.el7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh perl-Test-Simple-0.98-243.el7.noarch.rpm
(6)make install
3、备份旧版本
cp /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl_bak
4、对新版本openssl设置软链接
ln -s /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl
ln -s /usr/local/openssl/include/openssl /usr/include/openssl
ln -s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libssl.so /usr/lib64/libssl.so.11
ln -s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libcrypto.so /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.11
5、将openssl的动态链接库地址写入动态链接装入器(dynamic loader)
echo "/usr/local/openssl/lib/" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
6、重新加载动态链接库
ldconfig -v
7、查看系统的当前openssl版本
openssl version -a
二、基础组件的安装:python3.8安装
1、先安装相关依赖包
yum install zlib-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel readline-devel sqlite sqlite-devel
openssl-devel xz xz-devel libffi-devel
2、下载安装包
图2:python安装包
不敢输入网址,因为输入网址会被系统认为是营销地址,所以网址都用图片代替!
3、安装
(1)tar -zxvf Python-3.8.0.tgz
(2)./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3/python38/ --with-ssl
(3)cd Python-3.8.0
(4)./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3/python38/ --with-ssl
(5)make && make install
4、说明
在/usr/bin目录下,有个python软链接是指向python2.7的,这个软链接建议不要改成python3.8,因为centos的yum指令还是依赖于python2.7的。所以python3就直接指定路径使用吧。