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atoi函数
用法:将字符串里的数字字符转换为整形数,然后返回整形值。
注意事项:跳过前面的空格字符,遇到正负号或者数字开始转换,直到遇到字符串结束标志(‘\0’)或非数字字符才结束转换。
用C语言模拟实现这个函数(VS2013)
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <assert.h> #include <ctype.h>
enum State { VALID,//0 INVALID//1 }; enum State state = INVALID;
//合法情况就一种,先判为非法,接下来判断较为方便 int my_atoi(const char* str) { long long ret = 0; int
flag= 1; assert(str); if (*str == '\0')//判断是否为空字符串 { return 0; } while (isspace(
*str))//跳过空白字符 { str++; } if (*str == '+')//跳过正号 { str++; } else if (*str == '-'
)//跳过负号 { str++; flag = -1; } while (isdigit(*str))//开始转换数字字符直到非数字字符 { ret = ret
* 10 + (*str - '0')*flag; if ((ret > INT_MAX) || (ret < INT_MIN))//判断是否越界 {
return 0; } str++; } if (*str == '\0')//正常停止 { state = VALID; return (int)ret; }
else //遇到非数字字符 { state = VALID; return (int)ret; } } int main() { char* p = "
-12345abc678"; int ret = my_atoi(p); if (state == VALID) { printf("%d\n", ret);
//-12345 } return 0; }