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<>解说一下IP地址和mac地址的区别:
* “IP地址”是指互联网协议地址(Internet Protocol Address),是IP
Address的缩写。IP地址是IP协议提供的一种统一的地址格式,它为互联网上的每一个网络和每一台主机分配一个逻辑地址,以此来屏蔽物理地址的差异。
*
“MAC地址”又称为物理地址、硬件地址,用来定义网络设备的位置。网卡的物理地址通常是由网卡生产厂家烧入网卡的,具有全球唯一性。MAC地址用于在网络中唯一标示一个网卡,一台电脑会有一或多个网卡,每个网卡都需要有一个唯一的MAC地址。
IP地址和MAC地址的区别主要有:
*
两者地址使用不同。
IP地址是指Internet协议使用的地址,而MAC地址是Ethernet协议使用的地址。当存在一个附加层的地址寻址时,设备更易于移动和维修。
*
分配依据不同。IP地址的分配是基于网络拓朴,MAC地址的分配是基于制造商。
IP地址是可以自动分配的,MAC地址在每个网卡出场的时候就有一个全球唯一的MAC地址,所以很多的验证软件就是验证mac地址的。
*
地址能否更改不同。
IP是可以更改的,mac地址虽然也可以更改,但是一般用不上,除非要用来绕过一些验证软件的。网卡在通讯的时候通过mac地址相互识别。
*
长度不同。
IP地址为32位,MAC地址为48位。
*
寻址协议层不同。
IP地址应用于OSI第三层,即网络层,而MAC地址应用在OSI第二层,即数据链路层。