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assert
作用:我们使用assert这个宏来调试代码
语法:assert(bool表达式)
如果表达式为false,会调用std::cout<<abort函数,弹出对话框,
#include<iostream> #include<cassert> void main() { int x =0; assert(x);
system("pause"); }
弹出的对话框
特别注意*:ssert使用前必须包含头文件cassert
特别注意*:基本上所有的编译器在release模式下,assert都不能使用,debug模式下这个宏才有效,才可以使用
当我们不想用assert的时候,可以使用#define NDEBUG,但是一定要放在头文件cassert之前
#include<iostream> #define NDEBUG #include <cassert> void main(int b) { int x
= 0; assert(x); system("pause"); }
这里assert就不会执行
我们打开NDEBUG,看下里面
左键选择NDEBUG->右键->查看所有引用
#ifdef NDEBUG #define assert(expression) ((void)0) #else ...... ......
第一句意思是如果定义了NDEBUG,就让assert定义为空的意思,即assert不执行
static_assert
静态断言是在程序编译阶段有效,动态断言即assert是在程序运行的时候有效
语法:static_assert(表达式,"字符串")
当表达式为false时,会输出字符串
特别注意*:表达式必须是一个常量,不能是变量,因为static_assert是在编译阶段生效,而编译阶段变量的值无法确定,(因为变量可以被不同的方法调用,从而可能引起值的改变,所以它不确定),常量的值可以确定。
例:
static_assert(sizeeof(int*)==4,"x64")
这段代码含义是:如果int*大小不是4字节,那么就会输出x64