[{"createTime":1735734952000,"id":1,"img":"hwy_ms_500_252.jpeg","link":"https://activity.huaweicloud.com/cps.html?fromacct=261f35b6-af54-4511-a2ca-910fa15905d1&utm_source=V1g3MDY4NTY=&utm_medium=cps&utm_campaign=201905","name":"华为云秒杀","status":9,"txt":"华为云38元秒杀","type":1,"updateTime":1735747411000,"userId":3},{"createTime":1736173885000,"id":2,"img":"txy_480_300.png","link":"https://cloud.tencent.com/act/cps/redirect?redirect=1077&cps_key=edb15096bfff75effaaa8c8bb66138bd&from=console","name":"腾讯云秒杀","status":9,"txt":"腾讯云限量秒杀","type":1,"updateTime":1736173885000,"userId":3},{"createTime":1736177492000,"id":3,"img":"aly_251_140.png","link":"https://www.aliyun.com/minisite/goods?userCode=pwp8kmv3","memo":"","name":"阿里云","status":9,"txt":"阿里云2折起","type":1,"updateTime":1736177492000,"userId":3},{"createTime":1735660800000,"id":4,"img":"vultr_560_300.png","link":"https://www.vultr.com/?ref=9603742-8H","name":"Vultr","status":9,"txt":"Vultr送$100","type":1,"updateTime":1735660800000,"userId":3},{"createTime":1735660800000,"id":5,"img":"jdy_663_320.jpg","link":"https://3.cn/2ay1-e5t","name":"京东云","status":9,"txt":"京东云特惠专区","type":1,"updateTime":1735660800000,"userId":3},{"createTime":1735660800000,"id":6,"img":"new_ads.png","link":"https://www.iodraw.com/ads","name":"发布广告","status":9,"txt":"发布广告","type":1,"updateTime":1735660800000,"userId":3},{"createTime":1735660800000,"id":7,"img":"yun_910_50.png","link":"https://activity.huaweicloud.com/discount_area_v5/index.html?fromacct=261f35b6-af54-4511-a2ca-910fa15905d1&utm_source=aXhpYW95YW5nOA===&utm_medium=cps&utm_campaign=201905","name":"底部","status":9,"txt":"高性能云服务器2折起","type":2,"updateTime":1735660800000,"userId":3}]
一、基本概念:
1、bit(比特b):电脑是以二进制存储以及发送接收数据的。二进制的一位就叫做 1 bit,,一个位就代表一个0或1,每8个位组成一个字节
,是最小一级的信息单位。
2、Byte(字节B): 1Byte=8bit 。
3、KB(千字节):1KB=1024B
4、MB(兆字节,简称兆):1MB=1024KB=2^20B
5、GB(吉字节,简称千兆):1GB=1024MB=2^30B
6、TB(万亿字节,又称太字节):1TB=1024GB=2^40B
7、PB(千万亿字节,又称拍字节):1PB=1024TB=2^50B
8、EB(百亿亿字节,又称艾字节):1EB=1024PB=2^60B
9、ZB(十万亿亿字节,又称泽字节):1ZB=1024EB=2^70B
10、YB(一亿亿亿字节,又称尧字节):1YB=1024ZB=2^80B
二、MB与MiB的区别:
1、MB:单位以10为底数的指数
1KB=10^3 =1000
1MB=10^6=1000000=1000KB
1GB=10^9=1000000000=1000MB,
2、MiB:是以2为底数的指数
1KiB=2^10=1024,
1MiB=2^20=1048576=1024KiB
1GiB=2^30=1,073,741,824=1024MiB
(只有在涉及到存储的地方才会把KB认为是1000个字节)
三、扇区、簇、块和页:
1、什么是扇区和(磁盘)块?
扇区,顾名思义,每个磁盘有多条同心圆似的磁道,磁道被分割成多个部分。每部分的弧长加上到圆心的两个半径,恰好形成一个扇形,所以叫做扇区。扇区是磁盘中最小的物理存储单位。通常情况下每个扇区的大小是512字节。硬盘不是一次读写一个字节而是一次读写一个扇区(512个字节)
逻辑层面: 磁盘块(虚拟出来的)。 块是操作系统中最小的逻辑存储单位。操作系统与磁盘打交道的最小单位是磁盘块。
2、什么是簇?和块什么区别?
通俗的来讲,在Windows下如NTFS等文件系统中叫做簇;在Linux下如Ext4等文件系统中叫做块(block),系统读读写文件的基本单位,一般为2的n次方个扇区(由文件系统决定)
3、块与页的关系
操作系统经常与内存和硬盘这两种存储设备进行通信,类似于“块”的概念,都需要一种虚拟的基本单位。所以,与内存操作,是虚拟一个页的概念来作为最小单位。与硬盘打交道,就是以块为最小单位。