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要将一个字符串转成数字,可以使用以下方法:
* 使用 int() 函数将字符串转换为整数
示例代码:
str_num = "123" num = int(str_num) print(num) # 输出:123
需要注意的是,如果字符串无法转换成数字,会引发 ValueError 异常。比如:
str_num = "abc" num = int(str_num) # 将会抛出 ValueError 异常
* 使用 float() 函数将字符串转换为浮点数
示例代码:
str_num = "3.14" num = float(str_num) print(num) # 输出:3.14
同样地,如果字符串无法转换成数字,也会引发 ValueError 异常
注意,在一些极端情况下,因运算误差, float 转换并不能精确地得到字符串表示的数字。
* 使用 eval() 函数求值表达式
eval() 函数可以求解包含数字和运算符的字符串表达式,并返回计算结果。
示例代码:
str_exp = "2 + 3 * 4" result = eval(str_exp) print(result) # 输出 14
需要注意的是,eval() 函数的参数可能包含恶意代码,特别是在接收用户输入的情况下,应当格外小心,以避免安全问题。