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计算机网络的发展 阶段 特点
计算机网络的发展可以划分为几个阶段?每个阶段都有什么特点? 计算机网络的形成与发展,大致可以分为四个阶段
第一阶段:计算机网络技术与理论准备阶段
这个阶段的特点与标志性成果:
1) 数据通信技术日趋成熟,为计算机网络的形成奠定了技术基础
2) 分组交换概念的提出为计算机网络的研究奠定了理论基础
第二阶段:计算机网络的形成
1) ARPANET的成功运行证明了分组交换理论的正确性
2) TCP/IP协议的广泛应用为更大规模的网络互联奠定了坚实的
基础
3) E-mail、FTP、TELNET、BBS等应用展现出网络技术广阔的应
用前景
第三阶段:网络体系结构的研究
1) OSI参考模型的研究对网络理论体系的形成与发展,以及在网
络协议标准化研究方面起到了重要的作用
2) TCP/IP经受住了市场和用户的检验,吸引了大量的投资,推动
了Internet应用的发展,成为业界标准
第四阶段:Internet应用、无线网络与网络安全技术研究的发展
1) Internet作为全球性的国际网与大型信息系统,在当今政治、经
济、文化、科研、教育与社会生活等方面发挥了越来越重要的作用
2) Internet大规模接入推动了接入技术的发展,促进了计算机网