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Linux环境下几种常用的文件系统
1、ext2
ext2是为解决ext文件系统的缺陷而设计的可扩展的、高性能的文件系统,又被称为二级扩展文件系统。它是Linux文件系统中使用最多的类型,并且在速度和CPU利用率上较为突出。ext2存取文件的性能极好,并可以支持256字节的长文件名,是GNU/Linux系统中标准的文件系统。
2、ext3
ext3是ext2文件系统的日志版本,它在ext2文件系统中增加了日志的功能。ext3提供了3种日志模式:日志(journal)、顺序(ordered)和回写(writeback)。与ext2相比,ext3提供了更好的安全性以及向上向下的兼容性能。因此,在Linux系统中可以挂在一个ext3文件系统代替ext2文件系统。ext3文件系统格式被广泛应用于目前的Linux系统中。ext3的缺点是缺乏现代文件系统所具有的高速数据处理和解压的性能。此外,使用ext3文件系统还要考虑磁盘限额问题。
3、reiserFS
reiserFS是Linux环境下最稳定的日志文件系统之一,使用快速的平衡二叉树(binary
tree)算法来查找磁盘上的自由空间和已有的文件,其搜索速度高于ext2,reiserFS能够像其他大多数文件系统一样,可动态的分配索引节,而无须在文件系统中创建固定的索引节。有助于文件系统更灵活的适应各种存储需要。
4、VFAT
VFAT主要用于处理长文件的一种文件名系统,它运行在保护模式下并使用VCACHE进行缓存,并具有和Windows系列文件系统和Linux文件系统兼容的特性。因此VFAT可以作为Windows和Linux交换文件的分区。