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取整和取余
在数学的除法运算中,两个数相除是可以算到小数位的。但是,在c语言中两个整数相除其结果是一个整数,只有两数中至少有一个为实数的时候,他们相除的结果才是小数。因此,两个整数相除的结果就会涉及到取整问题。
在c语言中,其取整方式为向0取整 取整的方法有四种:
<1>向0取整:两个整数相除的结果为小数时,其结果是在小数附近并且更靠近0的整数。 例如,5/2=2,10/3=3,
c语言有一个向0取整的库函数:trunc
trunc 库函数 实参为浮点型 返回值类型为浮点型 头文件为math.h
<2>向负无穷取整:两个整数相除的结果为小数时,其结果是在小数附近并且较小的整数。 例如,-5/2=-3
c语言有一个向负无穷取整的库函数:floor
<3>向正无穷取整:两个整数相除的结果为小数时,其结果是在小数附近并且较大的整数。 例如,-5/2=-2
c语言有一个向正无穷取整的库函数:ceil
<4>四舍五入取整
c语言有一个四舍五入取整的库函数:round
round 库函数 实参为浮点型 返回值类型为浮点型 头文件为math.h
取余
% 为取余符号
在c语言中%符号两边的操作数必须为整型
余数的定义:
a为两数中的被除数 d为除数 q为两数相除的商(a/d取整后的结果) r为余数
在c语言中,余数的正负由被除数决定(仅在c语言中)
总结