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本题要求实现一个判断素数的简单函数、以及利用该函数计算给定区间内素数和的函数。
素数就是只能被1和自身整除的正整数。注意:1不是素数,2是素数。
函数接口定义:
int prime( int p ); int PrimeSum( int m, int n );
其中函数prime当用户传入参数p为素数时返回1,否则返回0;函数PrimeSum返回区间[m, n]内所有素数的和。题目保证用户传入的参数m≤n。
裁判测试程序样例:
#include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> int prime( int p ); int PrimeSum( int m,
int n ); int main() { int m, n, p; scanf("%d %d", &m, &n); printf("Sum of ( ");
for( p=m; p<=n; p++ ) { if( prime(p) != 0 ) printf("%d ", p); } printf(") =
%d\n", PrimeSum(m, n)); return 0; } /* 你的代码将被嵌在这里 */
输入样例:
-1 10
输出样例:
Sum of ( 2 3 5 7 ) = 17
其实判断素数有很多种方法,笔者查询了一些算法后,选中了目前效率最高的一种方法,分为以下几步:
1.判断是否为2或3
2.判断是否处于6的倍数的两侧
3.判断该数能否被处于6的倍数两侧的数整除
在编写完程序后提交,结果第一个结果错误,发现是对素数的范围判定出了问题,因为素数必然是正数,不包括负数
int prime(int p) { if(p<=0 || p==1){ return 0; }else if(p==2 || p==3){ return 1
; }else if(p%6 != 1 && p%6 != 5){ return 0; }else{ int tmp = (int)sqrt(p); int i
; for(i=5;i<=tmp;i+=6){ if(p%i==0 || p%(i+2)==0){ return 0; } } } return 1; }
int PrimeSum( int m, int n ){ int sum = 0; for(;m<=n;m++){ if(prime(m) != 0){
sum+= m; } } return sum; }